As of the latest report from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC), Nigeria has confirmed 1,138 cases of Lassa fever, resulting in 268 deaths across 24 states and 119 local government areas. This data, covering the period from September 28 to October 4, 2026, indicates a concerning increase in the case fatality rate, which now stands at 23.6%, a rise from 18.6% during the same timeframe last year.

The states most affected by the outbreak include Ondo, Bauchi, Taraba, Edo, and Benue, which collectively account for 88% of all confirmed cases. Notably, Ondo State has recorded the highest proportion, with 36% of the total cases. In the most recent week, the NCDC reported three new confirmed cases and one additional death, marking a decline from the 13 cases reported in the previous week.

The NCDC has identified several factors contributing to the high fatality rate, including late presentation at health facilities, high treatment costs, poor health-seeking behavior, and inadequate environmental sanitation. The agency has also highlighted that 54 healthcare workers have been infected with the virus cumulatively in 2026, raising concerns about the safety of frontline medical personnel.

In response to the ongoing outbreak, the NCDC has intensified its efforts in surveillance, contact tracing, and community engagement. The agency is also focusing on protecting healthcare workers and implementing infection prevention measures. Healthcare professionals have been urged to maintain a high index of suspicion for Lassa fever and ensure prompt referral and treatment of suspected cases, as well as adherence to infection control protocols.

The NCDC's proactive measures aim to curb the spread of Lassa fever and reduce the mortality rate associated with the disease as Nigeria grapples with this public health challenge.